On 15 September, economic and energy researcher Safwan Qusay said on Al-Ahad TV (AAH — official) that large gasoline-smuggling operations were moving fuel from Iraqi provinces to the Kurdistan Region because of price differences. The caption did not identify the operators or routes.
- Al-Ahad TVAAH — official15 Sept, 21:07
“Safwan Qusay: Large gasoline “smuggling” operations are moving fuel from the provinces to the Kurdistan Region because of price differences.”
صفوان قصي: عمليات "تهريب" كبيرة للبنزين من المحافظات إلى إقليم كردستان بسبب فارق الأسعار
naming by Iraqi fuel or security authorities of routes or operators by 18 September; enforcement records or price data showing province-to-region diversion by 22 September; any of these moves this file.