Escalation demands — own-voice calls for attack, retaliation or expulsion

Explicit calls in an Iraqi militia actor’s own voice for somebody else to undertake a new violent or military act — strike, attack, bomb, target, kill, kidnap or retaliate militarily. Conditions and desired outcomes such as foreign-force withdrawal, sovereignty, sanctions relief, state control of arms or diplomatic steps do not count unless the same statement explicitly calls for violence. Calls are counted on their own axis and included in Tempo at half the weight of a direct threat; attack claims are not.